На русском
I. Theology
Priest A. TOROPOV
The Relationship of Faith and Knowledge: Experience of the Western Christian Tradition of Education
For citation:
Toropov A., priest. Vzaimosvyaz' very i znaniy: opyt zapadnokhristianskoy traditsii obrazovaniya [The relationship of faith and knowledge: experience of the western christian tradition of education] // Trudy Saratovskoi pravoslavnoi dukhovnoi seminarii. [Proceedings of the Saratov Orthodox Theological Seminary]. 2024. No 3 (26). pp. 11–35. DOI: 10.56621/27825884_2024_26_11
Abstact: This article is devoted to a very interesting issue, which is little-studied in Russian literature: historical development of theological science in the Latin tradition in particular and Western theological thought in general, and their differences from patristic thought. The article analyzes the development of Western theological science in the Latin tradition, particularly its gradual shift from praxis towards a rational understanding of theology. This shift led to the neglect of praxis, which Eastern theologians considered equally important to the rational aspect, and to the gradual secularization of theological education in the West. The author concludes that only the Christian paradigm of education can fully develop its ideological potential and resources, but this is possible only through a synthesis of praxis and reason, without allowing one category to dominate the other.
Keywords: theological science, education, spiritual tradition, mysticism, theology, St. Augustine, Thomas Aquinas.
References:
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18. Orlov M.O., Polohov D.N., Petrova K.Yu. (2019) "Teologiya v sisteme gumanitarnykh nauk: osobennosti predmeta i metodologii" [Theology in the System of Humanities: Features of the Subject and Methodology]. In: "Vestnik Russkoy khristianskoy gumanitarnoy akademii" [Bulletin of the Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy]. Vol. 20, No. 4. pp. 313–323. (In Russian).
19. Revko-Linardato P.S. (2016) "Antichnaya filosofiya i grecheskaya apologetika" [Ancient Philosophy and Greek Apologetics]. In: "Obshchestvo: filosofiya, istoriya, kul'tura" [Society: Philosophy, History, Culture]. No. 9. pp. 42–44. (In Russian).
20. Shmonin D.V. (2015) "Filosofiya, teologiya i tsennostno-smyslovaya sfera v obrazovanii" [Philosophy, Theology, and the Sphere of Value and Semanticity in Education]. In: "Vestnik Russkoy khristianskoy gumanitarnoy akademii" [Bulletin of the Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy]. Vol. 16, No. 4. pp. 206–221. (In Russian).
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Zenkovsky V.V. (1993) "Problemy vospitaniya v svete khristianskoy antropologii" [Problems of Education in Light of Christian Anthropology]. Moscow. (In Russian).
Authors information:
Priest Artem Toropov,
Job Title: Assistant-teacher, Department of Theology;
Job place: Oryol State University named after I.S. Turgenev;
39a Komsomolskaya str., Oryol, 302026, Russian Federation ;
ORCID: 0000-0001-8024-1354
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V. YAKOVLEVA
Sacralization of Soviet Holidays on the Example of the Celebration of the Anniversary of October: Social Theological Aspect
For citation:
Yakovleva V.R. Sakralizatsiya sovetskikh prazdnikov na primere prazdnovaniya godovshchiny Oktyabrya: sotsial'no-teologicheskiy aspekt [Sacralization of Soviet holidays on the example of the celebration of the anniversary of October: social theological aspect] // Trudy Saratovskoi pravoslavnoi dukhovnoi seminarii. [Proceedings of the Saratov Orthodox Theological Seminary]. 2024. No 3 (26). pp. 36–54. DOI: 10.56621/27825884_2024_26_36
Abstact: This article analyzes the process of formation of quasireligious civil rites in the Soviet Union, as well as the accompanying reorganization of the calendar and the entire festive system of the country. The author argues that for the new Soviet government, the elimination of old traditions and the creation of new ones was an important tool for legitimization, as well as countering its main enemies, the autocracy and the Orthodox Church. The course towards the sacralization of political power presupposed the gradual displacement of the Orthodox faith. Basically, it relied on the formation of a new Soviet ritual, which was supposed to become a new value core of society and necessarily unite each of its members. The article substantiates the idea that the study of Soviet rituals as the most important tool of secularization in the USSR will allow a deeper investigation into this historical and social phenomenon.
Keywords: quasi-religious civil rites, sacralization of political power, secularization.
References:
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1. Apanasenok A.V. and others (eds.) (2022) "Sovetskaya identichnost' i problemy religioznosti: pravoslavnye praktiki v povsednevnoj zhizni grazhdan SSSR v 1940-e–1980-e gg." [Sovetskaya identity and the problem of Apostille religiosity: orthodox practices in the daily life of the Soviet Union in the 1940s–1980s.]. Kursk. (In Russian).
2. Gervart R., Horn D. (2014) "Voenizirovannye konflikty v Evrope posle Pervoj Mirovoj vojny: vvedenie" [Paramilitary conflicts in Europe after the First World War: an introduction]. In: "Vojna vo vremya mira: voenizirovannye konflikty v Evrope posle Pervoj Mirovoj vojny" [War in Peace: Militarized Conflicts in Europe after World War I]. Moscow.
pp. 8–31. (In Russian).
3. Godunov K.V. (2015) "Petrozavodsk 7–8 noyabrya 1918 goda: gubernskij centr v dni prazdnichnyh torzhestv" [Petrozavodsk November 7-8, 1918: the provincial center during the festive celebrations]. In: Trudy Karel'skogo nauchnogo centra Rossijskoj akademii nauk [Proceedings of the Karelian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. № 8. pp. 97–103. (In Russian).
4. Godunov K.V. (2023) "«Krasnaya Paskha»: prazdnovanie godovshchiny Oktyabrya i politicheskaya kul'tura Grazhdanskoj vojny" ["Red Easter": celebrating the anniversary of October and the political culture of the Civil War]. Saint Petersburg. (In Russian).
5. Knyazev G.A. (1991) "Iz zapisnoy knizhki russkogo intelligenta za vremya voyny i revolyutsii 1915–1922 gg." [From the notebook of a Russian intellectual during the war and the Revolution of 1915– 1922. In: "Russkoye proshloye" [Russian Past]. No. 2. pp. 97–200. (In Russian).
6. Malysheva S.Yu., Salnikova A.A. (2009) "Rossijskij provincial'nyj gorod 1920-h godov: vizualizaciya «sovetskosti»" [The Russian provincial city of the 1920s: visualization of "Sovietness"]. In: "Vizual'naya antropologiya: gorodskie karty pamyati" [Visual Anthropology: Urban Memory Maps]. Moscow. pp. 121–142. (In Russian).
7. Orlov M.O. (2009) "Diskursivnoe upravlenie social'noj dinamikoj global'nyh processov: social'no-politicheskaya sfera" [Discursive management of the social dynamics of global processes: socio-political sphere]. In: "Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Ser. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy" [News of Saratov University. Series: Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy]. Vol. 9. Issue 1. pp. 34–40. (In Russian).
8. Orlov M.O. (2012) "Dinamika globaliziruyushchejsya ekonomiki v kontekste diskursivnogo upravleniya: strategii Evropy i Kitaya" [Dynamics of the globalizing economy in the context of discursive management: strategies of Europe and China]. In: "Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Ser. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy" [News of Saratov University. Series: Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy].
Vol. 12. Issue 3. pp. 36–40. (In Russian).
9. Ozuf M. (2003) "Revolyucionnyj prazdnik, 1789–1799" [Revolutionary holiday, 1789–1799]. Moscow. (In Russian).
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11. Polskov K.O. (2010) "K voprosu o nauchnom bogoslovskom metode" [On the question of the scientific theological method]. In: "Voprosy filosofii" [Questions of Philosophy]. No. 7. pp. 93–101. (In Russian).
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13. Reichenstein A. (1971) "1 Maya i 7 Noyabrya 1918 goda v Moskve: iz istorii oformleniya pervyh proletarskih prazdnikov" [May 1 and November 7, 1918 in Moscow: from the history of the design of the first proletarian holidays]. In: "Agitacionno-massovoe iskusstvo pervyh let Oktyabrya: materialy i issledovaniya" [Agitational and mass art of the first years of October: materials and research]. Moscow. pp. 76–108. (In Russian).
14. Rolf M. (2009) "Sovetskie massovye prazdniki" [Soviet mass holidays]. Moscow. (In Russian).
15. Zemon D.N. (2006) "Obryady nasiliya" [Rites of violence]. In: "Istoriya i antropologiya: mezhdisciplinarnye issledovaniya na rubezhe XX– XXI vekov" [History and Anthropology: Interdisciplinary Research at the Turn of the 20th–21st Centuries]. Saint Petersburg. pp. 111– 162. (In Russian).
Authors information:
Yakovleva V.R;
Job Title: graduate student;
Job place:The General Church Postgraduate and Doctoral School named after Saints Cyril and Methodius;
115035, Moscow, Pyatnitskaya str., 4/2, p. 1, Russian Federation
Email: ya.valeria2001@gmail.com
ORCID: 0009-0001-3303-558X
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II. Philosophy
E. SERDYUKOVA, V. ROZHKOV
Georges Florovsky and Vladimir Lossky on the Relationship between Sobornost and Personality
For citation:
Serdyukova E., Rozhkov V. Georgiy Florovskiy i Vladimir Losskiy o sootnoshenii sobornosti i lichnosti [Georges Florovsky and Vladimir Lossky on the Relationship between Sobornost and Personality] // Trudy Saratovskoi pravoslavnoi dukhovnoi seminarii. [Proceedings of the Saratov Orthodox Theological Seminary]. 2024. No 3 (26). pp. 55–70. DOI: 10.56621/27825884_2024_26_55
Abstact: Among the representatives of the Russian philosophical diaspora that emerged after 1922, we highlight the generation of Russian émigréphilosophers referring as an example to the works of Vladimir Lossky, who together with George Florovsky created a tradition in the development of Russian Orthodox theology. By turning to the consideration of the idea of sobornost, we trace both the general and specific features of their philosophical teachings on the issue of conciliar foundations of personality. Philosophers present sobornost in the aspect of conciliarity in the Church. They designate aspects of conciliar unity, the main quality of which is concreteness. Sobornost is understood by philosophers in a personalistic way and is defined as a guideline for development and activity of an individual.
Keywords: sobornost, Christological and pneumatological aspects of sobornost, the theology of the image, polyhypostasis, "paradox of catholicity", conciliar truth.
References:
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1. Anikin D. A., Batishhev R.Yu. (2022) "Grazhdanskaya religiya sovremennoj Rossii: voprosy` vzaimodejstviya gosudarstva i pravoslavny`x soobshhestv" [Civil religion of modern Russia: issues of interaction between the state and Orthodox communities]. In: "Voprosy politologii" [Questions of Political Science]. Vol. 12. No. 12(88). pp. 4103–4115. (In Russian).
2. Cypin V. (2021) "Sobornost'" [Conciliarity]. In: "Pravoslavnaya Enciklopediya" [Orthodox Encyclopedia]. Vol. 64. Moscow. pp. 553– 554. (In Russian).
3. Darenskij V.Yu. (2018) "Paradigma preobrazheniya cheloveka v russkoj filosofii XX veka" [The paradigm of human transformation in Russian philosophy of the twentieth century]. Saint Petersburg. (In Russian).
4. Davydenkov O. (2005) "Dogmaticheskoe bogoslovie" [Dogmatic theology]. Moscow. (In Russian).
5. Florovskij G. (1929) "Evharistiya i sobornost'" [The Eucharist and Sobornost]. In: The Way. No. 19. pp. 3–22. Available at: http://yakov.works/library/21_f/lo/rovsky_040.html (05/08/2024). (In Russian).
6. Florovskij G. (2024) "Sobornost' Cerkvi". [The Catholicity of the Church]. Available at: https://azbyka.ru/otechnik/Georgij_Florovskij/ hristianstvo-i-tsivilizatsija/23 (06/07/2024). (In Russian).
7. Florovsky G. (1934) Sobornost: The Catholicity of the Church In: The Church of God. London. pp. 51–74. Available at: https:// archive.org/details/churchofgodanglo0000masc/page/n7/mode/2up (05/08/2024). (In English).
8. Florovsky G. (1972) The Collected Works of Georges Florovsky. Belmont, Mass. Vol. I. pp. 37–55. Available at: https:// rusneb.ru/catalog/000201_000010_BJVVV165902/ (05/08/2024). (In English).
9. Hondzinskij P.V. (2020) "Personalisticheskaya ekklesiologiya prot. Sergiya Bulgakova, prot. Georgiya Florovskogo i V. N. Losskogo" [Personalistic ecclesiology prot. Sergius Bulgakov, prot. Georgy Florovsky and V.N. Lossky]. In: "Hristianskoe chtenie" [Christian reading]. No. 5. pp. 10–22. (In Russian).
10. Kleman O. (2019) "Vladimir Losskij, bogoslov lichnosti i Svyatogo Duha" [Vladimir Lossky, theologian of personality and the Holy Spirit]. In: "Voprosy teologii" [Questions of Theologi]. Vol. 1. No. 2. pp. 127– 198. (In Russian).
11. "Lossky N. (1944) Essai sur la th′eologie mystique de l'Église d'Orient [Essay on the mystical theology of the Eastern Church]. Paris. (In French)."
12. Losskij N. (2004) "Ponyatie o lichnosti po V. N. Losskomu" [The concept of personality according to V. N. Lossky]. In: "Pravoslavnoye ucheniye
o cheloveke. Izbrannyye stat'i" [Orthodox teaching about man. Selected articles] Moscow; Klin, pp. 324–329. Available at: http://odinblago. nichost.ru/o_cheloveke/20 (05/08/2024). (In Russian).
13. Losskij N. (2004) "Sobornost'-kafolichnost' i pervenstvo v pravoslavnoj ekkleziologii" [Conciliarity-catholicity and primacy in Orthodox ecclesiology]. In: "Bogoslovskaya konferenciya Russkoj Pravoslavnoj Cerkvi «Pravoslavnoe uchenie o Cerkvi». Moskva, 17–20 noyabrya 2003 g. Materialy" [Theological conference of the Russian Orthodox Church “Orthodox teaching on the Church”. Moscow, November 17–20, 2003. Materials]. Moscow. pp. 90–93. Available at: http:// www.theolcom.ru/uploaded/090-093.pdf. (05/08/2024). (In Russian).
14. Losskij V. (1954) "O tret'em svojstve Cerkvi" [On the third property of the Church]. In: "Zhurnal Moskovskoj Patriarhii" [Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate]. No. 2. pp. 79–80. Available at: http:// www.jmp.ru/a1943/yn_st.php?y=1954&n=02&s=23&rm=BIBL (05/08/2024). (In Russian).
15. Losskij V. (1968) "O tret'em svojstve Cerkvi" [On the Third Property of the Church]. In: "Zhurnal Moskovskoj Patriarhii" [Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate]. No. 8. pp. 72–78. Available at: http://www.jmp.ru/a1943/pdf1968/1968-08.pdf (05/08/2024). (In Russian).
16. Losskij V. (1969) "Kafolicheskoe soznanie" [Catholic consciousness] In: "Zhurnal Moskovskoj Patriarhii" [Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate]. No. 10. pp. 74–80. Available at: http://www.jmp.ru/ a1943/pdf1969/1969-10.pdf (05/08/2024) (In Russian).
17. Losskij V.N. (1975) "Bogoslovskoe ponyatie chelovecheskoj lichnosti" [Theological concept of human personality] In: "Bogoslovskiye trudy" [Theological works]. No. 14. pp. 113—120. Available at: http://www. btrudy.ru/resources/BT14/113_Lossky_Lichnost.pdf (05/08/2024). (In Russian).
18. Losskij V.N. (2006) "Bogovidenie" [Vision of God]. Moscow. (In Russian).
19. Lossky N. (1948) Du troisieme attribut de l'Eglise [Of the third attribute of the Church] In: Dieu Vivant [Living God]. No. 10. pp. 79–89. (In French).
20. Orlov M.O. (2019) "Pravoslavnaya kul'tura v sovremennyh usloviyah: bogoslovskie i social'nye osnovaniya [Orthodox culture in modern conditions: theological and social foundations]. In: "Filosofskie aspekty ontologii kul'tury" [Philosophical aspects of the ontology of culture]. Saratov. (In Russian).
21. Preobrazhenskaya K.V. (2006) "Hristianskoe ponimanie lichnosti v interpretacii V. N. Losskogo Dialog otechestvennyh svetskoj i religioznoj obrazovatel'nyh tradicij. Duhovnaya kul'tura kak osnova bezopasnosti i zdorov'ya lichnosti, sem'i, obshchestva" [Christian understanding of personality in the interpretation of V. N. Lossky Dialogue of domestic secular and religious educational traditions. Spiritual culture as the basis for the safety and health of the individual, family, society]. In: "Materialy Pokrovskih chtenij, 2005–2006 gg." [Materials of the Pokrovsky Readings, 2005–2006]. Saint Peterburg. (In Russian).
22. Preobrazhenskaya K.V. (2008) "Bogoslovie i mistika v tvorchestve Vladimira Losskogo" [Theology and mysticism in the works of Vladimir Lossky]. Saint Petersburg. (In Russian).
23. Preobrazhenskaya K.V. (2019) "S. Bulgakov i V. S. Losskij. Spor o Sofii kak stolknovenie dvuh protivopolozhnyh misticheskih intuicij" [S. Bulgakov and V. S. Lossky. The dispute about Sophia as a clash of two opposing mystical intuitions]. In: "Vestnik Russkoy khristianskoy gumanitarnoy akademii" [Bulletin of the Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy]. Vol. 20. No. 2. pp. 126–134. (In Russian).
24. Tonkovidova A. V., Orlov M. O. (2023) "Sobornost` i svetskaya social`nost` (na materialax filosofii V. Solov`eva, S. Franka, N. Berdyaeva)" [Sobornost and secular sociality (based on the philosophy of V. Solovyov, S. Frank, N. Berdyaev] In: "Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Filosofiya." [Bulletin of the Voronezh State University. Series: Philosophy]. No. 3 (49). pp 90–93. (In Russian).
25. Tyapin I.N. (2021) "Teoreticheskoe znachenie otechestvennoj filosofii" [Theoretical significance of domestic philosophy]. Vologda. (In Russian).
26. Zinkovskij S.A. (2023) "Pravoslavnoe ponimanie sobornosti i realii sovremennogo mira" [Orthodox understanding of conciliarity and the realities of the modern world] In: Christian reading. No. 4. pp. 171– 181. (In Russian).
Authors information:
Elena Serdyukova;
Job Title: Candidate of Sciences in Philosophy, Associate Professor, Director of the Institute of Philosophy and Socio-Political Sciences;Job place: Southern Federal University;
105/42 B. Sadovaya, str. Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation ;
Email: evserdyukova@sfedu.ru
ORCID: 0000-0002-3628-3001
Vladimir Rozhkov;
Job Title: Doctor of Sciences in Philosophy, Professor, Professor of the Department of Theology and Religious Studies;
Job place: Saratov State University;
10A Volskaya str., Saratov, 410028, Russian Federation;
Email: vladim-rozhkov@yandex.ru
ORCID: 0000-0002-4737-665Х
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E. ANTIPOVA, M. BUNYAEV
On the Modes of Understanding a Museum Exhibit: The Exhibited Object and the Manifested Thing
For citation:
Antipova E., Bunyaev M. O modusakh ponimaniya muzeynogo eksponata: vystavlennyy ob"yekt i yavlennaya veshch' [On the modes of understanding a museum exhibit: the exhibited object and the manifested thing] // Trudy Saratovskoi pravoslavnoi dukhovnoi seminarii. [Proceedings of the Saratov Orthodox Theological Seminary]. 2024. No 3 (26). pp. 71–89. DOI: 10.56621/27825884_2024_26_71
Abstact: The article contains an analysis of an exhibit as a basic element of museum space. The method of its consideration involves turning to the two horizons of thinking: subject-object and material. According to the first horizon an exhibit is the passive entity in relation to the active one — the person. Museum staff places an exhibit in a specially prepared space, accompanies it with explanations (a label) and during a tour constructs meanings with its help. Museum visitors direct their intellectual efforts to an exhibition and interpret its meaning, explaining its importance and originality. Within the framework of the material horizon of consideration, an exhibit itself has an active principle: it is what initiates the process of communication with an individual. An exhibit, as a material embodiment of the past, present and future, represents the world, exposes and captures reality. An exhibit-thing testifies to events, tells about its owners and the eras to which it belongs, and also sets the context in which its placement is appropriate.
Keywords: museum, exhibit, subject, object, thing, constructivism, phenomenology.
References:
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Authors information:
Ekaterina Antipova;
Job Title: Candidate of Sciences in Philosophy, Senior Lecturer, Department of Social Sciences and Humanities;
Job place: Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov;
Block 3, building 4, Peter Stolypin Avenue, Saratov, 410012, Russian Federation
Email: cat.petrunina@yandex.ru
ORCID: 0000-0001-7954-9693
Maxim Bunyaev;
Job Title: Assistant, Department of Social Sciences and Humanities;
Job place: Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov;
Block 3, building 4, Peter Stolypin Avenue, Saratov, 410012, Russian Federation;
Email: mmm2026@yandex.ru
ORCID: 0009-0000-3623-7761
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III. History
V. PARFENOV
The Martyrdom of St. Ignatius of Antioch: Time, Place, Reason
For citation:
Parfenov V. Muchenichestvo svyatogo Ignatiya Antiokhiyskogo: vremya, mesto, prichina [The Martyrdom of St. Ignatius of Antioch: time, place, reason] // Trudy Saratovskoi pravoslavnoi dukhovnoi seminarii. [Proceedings of the Saratov Orthodox Theological Seminary]. 2024. No 3 (26). pp. 90–112. DOI: 10.56621/27825884_2024_26_90
Abstact: The article discusses various opinions on the dating, localization and causes of the martyrdom of St. Ignatius of Antioch (Ignatius the God-Bearer). The author believes that the most acceptable point of view in the current state of the issue is the one of the French researcher Etienne Decrept. The starting point of persecution of the Christians of Antioch under Trajan was the devastating earthquake of December 13, 115 AD. The surviving residents of the city considered the wrath of the gods to be the cause of the disaster due to the reprehensible behavior of Christians who violated the pax deorum. To stop the unrest that had begun, the emperor, whose headquarters were then in Antioch, ordered demonstrative executions of the “perpetrators”. The head of the Church of Antioch, Bishop Ignatius, probably voluntarily came to Trajan, trying to stop the repression against Christians. However, the result was the death sentence of the "head of the atheists", for which the bishop of Antioch was sent to Rome, where on December 20, 116, the martyr died
Keywords: St. Ignatius of Antioch, Emperor Trajan, earthquake, persecution of Christians, martyrdom
References:
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Author information:
Victor Parfenov;
Job Title: Doctor of Sciences in History, professor, Department of Church History;
Job place: Saratov Orthodox Theological Seminary;
92 Michurina str., Saratov, 410028, Russian Federation
Email: vparfenov@list.ru
ORCID: 0000-0003-3612-0197
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Reviews
M. Kovshov
A Pastoral and Contextual Commentary on Ephesians: A Pan-Asian or Indian Perspective?
Book review: Brian Wintle and Ken Gnanakan. Ephesians:A Pastoral and Contextual Commentary. Asia Bible Commentary. Carlisle, Cumbria, UK: Langham Global Library, 2020. 186 pp.
For citation:
Kovshov M. Pastorskiy i kontekstual'nyy kommentariy na poslaniye k Yefesyanam: panaziatskiy ili indiyskiy vzglyad? [A pastoral and contextual commentary on Ephesians: a Pan-Asian or Indian perspective?]. Book review: Brian Wintle and Ken Gnanakan. Ephesians: A Pastoral and Contextual Commentary. Asia Bible Commentary. Carlisle, Cumbria, UK: Langham Global Library, 2020. 186 pp. // Trudy Saratovskoi pravoslavnoi dukhovnoi seminarii. [Proceedings of the Saratov Orthodox Theological Seminary]. 2024. No 3 (26). pp. 113–119. DOI: 10.56621/27825884_2024_26_113
References:
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1. Wintle B., Gnanakan K. Ephesians: A Pastoral and Contextual Commentary. Asia Bible Commentary. Carlisle, Cumbria, UK: Langham Global Library, 2020. 186 pp
Author information:
Mikhail Kovshov;
Degree, title: Candidate of Theology, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Biblical Studies;
Job Title: доцент кафедры библеистики;
Job place: Moscow Theological Academy;
Holy Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra, Sergiev Posad, 141300, Russian Federation;
Job Title: Researcher;
Job place: Perervinskaya Orthodox Theological Seminary;
82 Highway str., Moscow, 109383, Russian Federation
Email: paul.quest@nextmail.ru
ORCID: 0000-0003-0656-1135
